This golden Turmeric Lotion is anti-oxidant and vitamin rich to promote a healthier, strengthened and calm looking skin.

Niacinamide is a vitamin B3 derivative and can be bought over the counter as a topical application. The percentages in OTC products vary from 10% to 30%. Most studies have shown that a minimum 4% is required to have the desired effect. However, one study has shown that percentages as low as 2% can lower oil production in the skin. (2) Niacinamide is a pre-cursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD). This molecule has a function in repairing DNA damage that has been caused by the sun. Interesting fact Always use caution when giving out any personally identifying information about yourself or your children in any communication service. The British Skin Foundation does not control or endorse the content, messages or information found in any communication service and, therefore, the British Skin Foundation specifically disclaims any liability with regard to the communication services and any actions resulting from your participation in any communication service. Managers and hosts are not authorised the British Skin Foundation spokespersons, and their views do not necessarily reflect those of the British Skin Foundation. Salicylic acid is often better tolerated than glycolic acid which can often produce a burning or stinging sensation and is also reported to increase photosensitivity (12). VerdictThere are well structured randomised placebo controlled and double blind studies that have shown vitamin C improves pigmentation as a result of chronic sun exposure and also provides a photo protective element. (8) (9) Verdict A number of studies that have looked into the claim of scar reduction, wound healing and burn healing have been disappointing and show no clear evidence of benefit (6). A study in 2004 looked at the effect of a gel containing phytonadione, (Vitamin K1), retinol and vitamin C & E on under eye dark circles and found that there was no clear evidence of a reduction of pigmentation in the 57 patients. They saw a slight reduction in wrinkles (likely secondary to the effects of the Retinol or vitamin C) (7). More studies are required to evaluate the effect of topical Vitamin E. Interesting fact A randomized, double‐blind study evaluated 4% glycolic acid, and 8% glycolic / 2% citric acid (11). The 4% glycolic acid group showed improved fine lines at 8 weeks. The 8% glycolic / 2% citric acid group reported improved hyperpigmentation and roughness.

Soluble Collagen - Infuses with natural moisture into the skin, defining texture for a more radiant, youthful appearance. The FDA (Food and Drug Authority in the USA) does not recognise the term cosmeceutical and under the law the word has no meaning. However, the cosmetic industry uses this term to describe ingredients that have medicine like properties. Advertise or offer to sell or buy any goods or services for any business purpose, unless such communication service specifically allows such messages. Whilst soothing plant extracts such as Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract replenish the skins natural moisture. This anti-ageing combination of vitamin B3 and nicotinic acid targets the appearance of enlarged pores, fine lines and uneven skin tone.The active form of vitamin C is L-Ascorbic acid and can be bought in various strengths, often 10% or 15%. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and a tyrosinase inhibitor, (over activity of tyrosinase can result in increased pigmentation) it also plays a role in collagen synthesis (collagen is a protein that gives skin its supple and firm appearance). Vitamin C however is very unstable and becomes inactive when exposed to light. It also tends to have poor penetration into the skin. One way around this is by reducing the pH to below 3.5 and the addition of ferulic acid which helps with stability (1). L-Ascorbic acid should always come in an opaque bottle, as light will inactivate the product. There are many products with vitamin C and manufacturers will use a variety of methods claiming it stabilises the product. However, there is no strong evidence as to which method works the best. Interesting Fact

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is found in many cosmetic products. HA is a natural substance that is found in the dermis of the skin and it is secreted by cells known as fibroblasts. Over time the production of HA is reduced, this is owing to factors that damage the skin including smoking, sun exposure and of course age will also play its role. HA is a very powerful humectant and 1g of HA can absorb or bind up to 1000g of water, meaning it’s an excellent moisturiser. HA can be found as creams, serums and in many injectable fillers. HA cream and serums however tend to remain in the epidermis (the outer layer of skin) and do not penetrate into the dermis (deeper layer). The example companies, organizations, products, people and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product, person, or event is intended or should be inferred. Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Oil: Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties which aim to remove impurities from the pores, making it an excellent skin cleanser. Moisturises the skin leaving it looking healthy and hydrated. The brand also provides facial marine-collagen products, ampoules, and probiotic products, as well.

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Retin A was co-invented by Professor Kligman in 1969. It is claimed that he carried out many of his experiments for various other products on numerous inmates at a prison in Philadelphia. Kligman also coined the term ‘cosmeceutical’ in 1970. Do they Work? Retinol is a vitamin A derived topical application. There are a few different types that are available. I will be discussing the effects of the OTC products. The prescription products have known and proven benefits. However, the data on OTC products may not be as robust. Light years ahead of ordinary skincare, Skin Doctors is not just another range of “fluffy moisturisers” but rather cosmeceutical strength preparations formulated to make a real, visible difference to the appearance of the skin. Skin Doctors is able to “bridge the gap” between ordinary skincare and cosmetic surgery and that is why many of the results have been compared to cosmetic surgical procedures.